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Europium

Element 63 · Lanthanide

Specimen

Atomic number
63
Atomic mass
151.96
State at room temperature
Solid
Melting point
821.9 °C
Boiling point
1,529 °C
Density
5.24 g/cm³
Discovered
1901

Atomic mass from IUPAC.1 Other physical data from PubChem.2

Can I eat it?

In food and water
Not needed, little harm known. Europium has no known function in the body. Rats given europium chloride for 28 days lost weight only at the highest dose, 415 mg per kg of body weight a day. The RSC lists it as low in toxicity. There are few studies of it in food. 34

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The atom

Eu
ShellElectrons
1 (K) 2
2 (L) 8
3 (M) 18
4 (N) 25
5 (O) 8
6 (P) outermost 2
Total63

Configuration [Xe] 4f⁷ 6s²

4f ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
6s ↑ ↓
A shell diagram: each ring is an electron shell and each dot is one electron. The nucleus holds 63 protons. The outermost shell is shown in red. Electrons do not travel on rings: they fill orbitals, regions where an electron is likely to be found. The boxes are those orbitals for the electrons outside the Xe core, with one arrow per electron.

Related elements

Lanthanides
La Lanthanum Ce Cerium Pr Praseodymium Nd Neodymium Pm Promethium Sm Samarium Gd Gadolinium Tb Terbium Dy Dysprosium Ho Holmium Er Erbium Tm Thulium Yb Ytterbium Lu Lutetium

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Sources

  1. 1

    IUPAC Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights (CIAAW), 2024. Abridged Standard Atomic Weights 2024 .

    The atomic mass shown for the 84 elements that have a standard atomic weight.

  2. 2

    National Center for Biotechnology Information (PubChem), 2026. Periodic Table of Elements .

    Electron configuration, melting and boiling points, density and discovery year for all 118 elements.

  3. 3

    Toxicology Excellence for Risk Assessment (TERA), for the US Bureau of Land Management, 1999. Development of Reference Doses and Reference Concentrations for Lanthanides , Section 2.4 (oral toxicity data in experimental animals).

    • decreased body weight (17%) compared to the control was only observed in females at the highest dose 415 mg Eu/kg
  4. 4

    Royal Society of Chemistry, 2026. Europium - Element information, properties and uses .

    • Europium has no known biological role. It has low toxicity.
  5. 5

    National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 2026. Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions for All Elements .

    Isotopic composition of each element; the most abundant isotope sets the neutron count in the nucleus view.